Data Readout Rate
Usually the rate limiting step is analogue-to-digital signal conversion. The conversion rate ranges somewhere between 1 and 20 MHz (pixels per second) for 10 - 16 bit converters (16 bit data) in most cameras. This is slower than the data transfer via ...

Deconvolution
Deconvolution analysis is a technique that applies algorithms to a through-focusstack of images acquired along the optical (z) axis to enhance photon signals specific for a given image plane or multiple focal planes in an image stack.

Differential Interference Contrast
An excellent mechanism for rendering contrast in transparent specimens, differential interference contrast (DIC) microscopy is a beam-shearing interference system in which the reference beam is sheared by a minuscule amount, generally ...

Digital Colour Imaging in Fluorescence Microscopy
A general remark: Fluorescent biological samples are obviously coloured (unlike unstained samples observed with transmission illumination).

Digital images
Digital image files are based on tables that list the intensities, or "counts", of all pixels. In case of RGB images there is ...

Disc confocal
In conventional fluorescence microscopy the inside structure of a thick specimen cannot be observed clearly because of the significant contribution of ...

Displaying Digital Images

Distortion
see Aberration, optical

Dithering
In order to display colours that are missing in palettes with limited colour depth a technique called dithering is applied. It uses the limited ...

Dynamic Range
The dynamic range of a CCD camera (DR) is the maximum signal (which is directly related to the full-well capacity (FWC)) divided by the camera noise (CN), the combination of the dark ...